| Professional Graphics Controller |
| With on-board 2D and 3D acceleration introduced in 1984 for the 8-bit PC-bus, intended for CAD applications, a triple-board display adapter with built-in processor, and displaying video with a 60 Hz frame rate. | 640×480 (307k) | 4:3 | 8 bpp |
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| MCGA | Multicolor Graphics Adapter | Introduced on selected PS/2 models in 1987, with reduced cost compared to VGA. MCGA had a 320×200 256 color (from a 262,144 color palette) mode, and a 640×480 mode only in monochrome due to 64k video memory, compared to the 256k memory of VGA. | 320×200 (64k)
640×480 (307k) | 16:10
4:3 | 8 bpp
1 bpp |
| 8514 |
| Precursor to XGA and released about the same time as VGA in 1987. 8514/A cards displayed interlaced video at 43.5 Hz. | 1024×768 (786k) | 4:3 | 8 bpp |
| VGA | Video Graphics Array | Introduced in 1987 by IBM. VGA is actually a set of different resolutions, but is most commonly used today to refer to 640×480 pixel displays with 16 colors (4 bits per pixel) and a 4:3 aspect ratio. Other display modes are also defined as VGA, such as 320×200 at 256 colors (8 bits per pixel) and a text mode with 720×400 pixels. VGA displays and adapters are generally capable of Mode X graphics, an undocumented mode to allow increased non-standard resolutions. | 640×480 (307k)
640×350 (224k)
320×200 (64k)
720×400 (text) | 4:3
64:35
16:10
9:5 | 4 bpp
4 bpp
4/8 bpp
4 bpp |
| SVGA | Super Video Graphics Array | A video display standard created by VESA for IBM PC compatible personal computers. Introduced in 1989. | 800×600 (480k) | 4:3 | 4 bpp |
| XGA | Extended Graphics Array | An IBM display standard introduced in 1990. XGA-2 added 1024×768 support for high color and higher refresh rates, improved performance, and support for 1360 (1365,333)×1024 in 16 colors (4 bits per pixel). (+support 1056×400 [14h] Text Mode). | 1024×768 (786k)
640×480 (307k) | 4:3
4:3 | 8 bpp
16 bpp |
| XGA+ | Extended Graphics Array Plus | Although not an official name, this term is now used to refer to 1152×864, which is the largest 4:3 array yielding under one million pixels. Variants of this were used by Apple Computer (at 1152×870) and Sun Microsystems (at 1152×900) for 21-inch CRT displays. | 1152×864 (995k)
640×480 (307k) | 4:3
4:3 | 8 bpp
16 bpp |
| QVGA | Quarter Video Graphics Array |
| 320×240 (75k) | 4:3 |
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| WQVGA | Wide Quarter Video Graphics Array |
| 480×272 (127.5k) | 16:9 |
|
| HQVGA | Half Quarter Video Graphics Array |
| 240×160 (38k) | 3:2 |
|
| QQVGA | Quarter QVGA |
| 160×120 (19k) | 4:3 |
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